![]() FDA Storytelling—FDA Inspectional Observations & Warning Letter Citations Relating to Qualification & Validation | IVT - GMPThe following FDA Form 4. Inspectional Observations and FDA Warning Letter citations are examples of significant violations of current good manufacturing practice (c. ![]() Many in the food manufacturing business are wondering exactly how to go about complying with the requirements for routine monitoring of compressed air. In April 2016, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a draft guidance for industry called “Data Integrity and Compliance with cGMP (current. Failure of medical device (MD) software can have potentially catastrophic effects, leading to injury of patients or even death. Therefore, regulators penalise MD. GMP) regulations for Finished Pharmaceuticals, Code of Federal Regulations Title 2. Parts 2. 10 and 2. FDA investigators at various companies. The purpose of this supplement is to review the compiled inspectional observations and warning letter citations and learn from the GMP violations made publicly available on the FDA’s website. By studying these GMP gaps noted during an FDA inspection, one can address ways to avoid similar non- GMP compliant practices in one’s company. The intent of this supplement is not to find fault in any company. ![]() FDA Safety Alerts for Drugs and Medication-Related Medical Devices. Drugs and Therapeutic Biological Products. Activase (alteplase) 100 mg Recall - Lack of Sterility. FDA inspectional observations listed on a Form FDA 4. ORA FOIA Electronic Reading Room. Some records have been redacted by FDA to remove non- public information. As noted on the Form FDA 4. FDA representative(s) during the inspection of a facility do not represent a final FDA determination regarding a firm’s compliance. FDA warning letters are posted on the FDA website. As noted on the website, matters described in FDA warning letters may have been subject to subsequent interaction between FDA and the letter recipient that may have changed the regulatory status of issues discussed in the letter. Some records have been redacted by FDA to remove non- public information. Selected examples of warning letters are presented in Part I of this supplement while selected examples of inspectional observations are presented in Part II of this supplement. For guidance on how to avoid the following warning letters and inspectional observations, dowload "Conduct a Gap Analysis of a Validation Program," from IVT's 2nd Annual Validation Week Canada. Part I: FDA Warning Letters. Part 2. 11 Subpart B – Organization and Personnel, Sec 2. Responsibilities of quality control unit. Failure to establish and follow written procedures applicable to the responsibilities of the quality control unit [2. CFR 2. 11. 2. 2(d)]. Your SOP A1. 38 entitled "Procedure for Process and Product Validations" addresses review and approval of validation protocols/reports and states that Team Quality is responsible for assuring the SOP is followed. However, during the inspection the investigators documented numerous and significant discrepancies in your Process Validation Report PCR- 0. Striztn, Rev. A., which was approved by Team Quality on December 1. For example: a. Section 5. Section 5. 2 of the report. i. Section 5. 2 of the report describes Validation Cycle A with a heat exposure ".. The results reported in Section 5. Section 5. 2 of the report describes Validation Cycle C with a heat exposure ".. The results reported in Section 5. Section 5. 2 of the report describes Validation Cycle D with a heat exposure ".. The results reported in Section 5. Section 5. 2 of the report describes Validation Cycle A as a".. L Type [redacted] Glass Bottle, [redacted] m. L fill," and [redacted] type." The results reported in Section 5. L S. C. bottle, 4. L fill: a closed crimp .."b. Table 2 entitled "Executed Sterilization Cycle Parameters" reports heat exposure time as [redacted] Heat exposure time for Validation Cycle C on November 9, 2. Section 5. 2 of the report describes Validation Cycle C with a heat exposure".. Similar discrepancies were noted in Table 2 for Validation Cycles D, E, and F.[Cytosol Laboratories, Inc., Date Issued: October 3. Failure to establish and follow written responsibilities and procedures applicable to the quality control unit [2. CFR 2. 11. 2. 2(d)]. For example: .. Written procedure 1- 0. Validation Policy," dated 1. Pyrantel Pamoate Suspension Canine- 2. X (4. 5. 4 mg / m. L), Lot [redacted] in April 2. A planned deviation changed the compounding tank, mixer speeds and mixing times used to make this [redacted] batch of suspension product. The Validation Department did not determine if the modification was major or minor as defined in Section 7. SOP 1- 0. 13. In addition the Validation Department did not address the need to do additional testing to assure the product was equivalent to that made by the validated process. .. The response to the second example does not address the issue of the failure to follow the validation policy SOP when a change was made in the compounding tank, mixer speeds and mixer times for the production of a lot of suspension product (Pyrantel Pamoate Canine (4. L). The response says, in the future, your firm will only make this suspension product in kettles with dual motion sweep agitation. However, your firm made one lot in Tank #8 for the purpose of process validation. We do not understand why, if First Priority determined a new mixing tank should be used for suspension products, was a lot manufactured in Tank #8? The validation consisted of collecting 3 samples, one from the top, one from the middle and one from the bottle of the tank. The three values ranged from [redacted] mg / m. L [redacted] %) to [redacted] %). There is no discussion or explanation of the relatively low results provided with the response. If this lot was formulated for 1. GMPs, we question what happened to almost 5% of the active ingredient in the middle sample and we wonder why this lot was made using Tank #8 when your firm identified the need to change the mixing process using a kettle which has dual motion sweep agitation[First Priority, Inc., Date Issued: July 9, 2. The responsibilities and procedures applicable to the quality control unit are not fully followed. CFR 2. 11. 2. 2(d)]During upgrading your (b)(4) system in July 2. However, your Quality Control Unit failed to follow your change control procedure (SOP- 3. December 1. 5, 1. Your firm's response indicated that your firm modified the distribution loop after updating the system in July 2. Please provide details, including a scientific rationale, of the two modifications implemented, especially for the post- inspection modifications. Meanwhile, your response provided only one training record to showing that one person from the production department has received training. Your response did not demonstrate that other people who have been involved with the change control procedure have been trained, as well. Please clarify and provide any supportive documentation if applicable.[Laboratoire Atlas, Inc., Date Issued: June 2. Failure to have an adequate quality control unit and adequate laboratory facilities available for the quality control unit for the testing and approval (or rejection) of components, in- process materials, drug products, and all procedures or specifications impacting on the identity, strength, quality, and purity of the drug products as required by 2. CFR § 2. 11. 2. 2(a), 2. Your quality control unit (QCU) has allowed failing product to remain in distribution, released product to the market without adequate stability data to support the expiration dates, failed to conduct adequate investigations of discrepancies, failed to adequately review all analytical data prior to release, and failed to assure adequate analytical method validations were conducted for numerous finished product test procedures. During the meeting conducted on June 1. Atlanta District's office your consultant stated that the result of the cultural assessment review conducted at the Fort Mill site revealed that upper management responsible for overseeing the QCU was "out of touch" with the events occurring, had "minimal presence", and was "largely unaware of the quality concerns in the laboratory" at the site. In addition, an investigation of the test procedure LC- 1. Quality Control Director in October 2. Despite this finding, the Quality Control Director did not implement any corrective actions to remedy this deficiency and your company continued to use the inadequate test method. Your QCU was aware of these issues and took no corrective and preventive action with respect to the product on the market and other lots of this product which continued to be manufactured and distributed after testing the products with the unreliable finished product test method.
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![]() Oracle Data Types. This chapter discusses the Oracle built- in datatypes, their properties, and how they map to non- Oracle datatypes. This chapter includes the following topics: Introduction to Oracle Datatypes. Each column value and constant in a SQL statement has a datatype, which is associated with a specific storage format, constraints, and a valid range of values. When you create a table, you must specify a datatype for each of its columns. Oracle provides the following categories of built- in datatypes: The following sections that describe each of the built- in datatypes in more detail. Overview of Character Datatypes. Oracle Technology Network is the ultimate, complete, and authoritative source of technical information and learning about Java. Data type Description; Blob: An Oracle BLOB data type that contains binary data with a maximum size of 4 gigabytes. This maps to an Array of type Byte. ![]()
The character datatypes store character (alphanumeric) data in strings, with byte values corresponding to the character encoding scheme, generally called a character set or code page. The database's character set is established when you create the database. Examples of character sets are 7- bit ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code), Code Page 5. Japan Extended UNIX, and Unicode UTF- 8. Oracle supports both single- byte and multibyte encoding schemes. This section includes the following topics: CHAR Datatype. The CHAR datatype stores fixed- length character strings. When you create a table with a CHAR column, you must specify a string length (in bytes or characters) between 1 and 2. CHAR column width. The default is 1 byte. Oracle then guarantees that: When you insert or update a row in the table, the value for the CHAR column has the fixed length. If you give a shorter value, then the value is blank- padded to the fixed length. If a value is too large, Oracle Database returns an error. Oracle Database compares CHAR values using blank- padded comparison semantics. VARCHAR2 and VARCHAR Datatypes. The VARCHAR2 datatype stores variable- length character strings. When you create a table with a VARCHAR2 column, you specify a maximum string length (in bytes or characters) between 1 and 4. VARCHAR2 column. For each row, Oracle Database stores each value in the column as a variable- length field unless a value exceeds the column's maximum length, in which case Oracle Database returns an error. Using VARCHAR2 and VARCHAR saves on space used by the table. For example, assume you declare a column VARCHAR2 with a maximum size of 5. In a single- byte character set, if only 1. VARCHAR2 column value in a particular row, the column in the row's row piece stores only the 1. Oracle Database compares VARCHAR2 values using nonpadded comparison semantics. VARCHAR Datatype. The VARCHAR datatype is synonymous with the VARCHAR2 datatype. To avoid possible changes in behavior, always use the VARCHAR2 datatype to store variable- length character strings. Length Semantics for Character Datatypes. Globalization support allows the use of various character sets for the character datatypes. Globalization support lets you process single- byte and multibyte character data and convert between character sets. Client sessions can use client character sets that are different from the database character set. Consider the size of characters when you specify the column length for character datatypes. You must consider this issue when estimating space for tables with columns that contain character data. The length semantics of character datatypes can be measured in bytes or characters. Byte semantics treat strings as a sequence of bytes. This is the default for character datatypes. Character semantics treat strings as a sequence of characters. A character is technically a codepoint of the database character set. For single byte character sets, columns defined in character semantics are basically the same as those defined in byte semantics. Character semantics are useful for defining varying- width multibyte strings; it reduces the complexity when defining the actual length requirements for data storage. For example, in a Unicode database (UTF8), you must define a VARCHAR2 column that can store up to five Chinese characters together with five English characters. In byte semantics, this would require (5*3 bytes) + (1*5 bytes) = 2. VARCHAR2(2. 0 BYTE) and SUBSTRB(< string> , 1, 2. VARCHAR2(1. 0 CHAR) and SUBSTR(< string> , 1, 1. The parameter NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS decides whether a new column of character datatype uses byte or character semantics. The default length semantic is byte. If all character datatype columns in a database use byte semantics (or all use character semantics) then users do not have to worry about which columns use which semantics. The BYTE and CHAR qualifiers shown earlier should be avoided when possible, because they lead to mixed- semantics databases. Instead, the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS initialization parameter should be set appropriately in the server parameter file (SPFILE) or initialization parameter file, and columns should use the default semantics. NCHAR and NVARCHAR2 Datatypes. NCHAR and NVARCHAR2 are Unicode datatypes that store Unicode character data. The character set of NCHAR and NVARCHAR2 datatypes can only be either AL1. UTF1. 6 or UTF8 and is specified at database creation time as the national character set. AL1. 6UTF1. 6 and UTF8 are both Unicode encoding. The NCHAR datatype stores fixed- length character strings that correspond to the national character set. The NVARCHAR2 datatype stores variable length character strings. When you create a table with an NCHAR or NVARCHAR2 column, the maximum size specified is always in character length semantics. Character length semantics is the default and only length semantics for NCHAR or NVARCHAR2. For example, if national character set is UTF8, then the following statement defines the maximum byte length of 9. CREATE TABLE tab. NCHAR(3. 0)). This statement creates a column with maximum character length of 3. The maximum byte length is the multiple of the maximum character length and the maximum number of bytes in each character. This section includes the following topics: NCHARThe maximum length of an NCHAR column is 2. It can hold up to 2. The actual data is subject to the maximum byte limit of 2. The two size constraints must be satisfied simultaneously at run time. NVARCHAR2. The maximum length of an NVARCHAR2 column is 4. It can hold up to 4. The actual data is subject to the maximum byte limit of 4. The two size constraints must be satisfied simultaneously at run time. Use of Unicode Data in Oracle Database. Unicode is an effort to have a unified encoding of every character in every language known to man. It also provides a way to represent privately- defined characters. A database column that stores Unicode can store text written in any language. Oracle Database users deploying globalized applications have a strong need to store Unicode data in Oracle Databases. They need a datatype which is guaranteed to be Unicode regardless of the database character set. Oracle Database supports a reliable Unicode datatype through NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, and NCLOB. These datatypes are guaranteed to be Unicode encoding and always use character length semantics. The character sets used by NCHAR/NVARCHAR2 can be either UTF8 or AL1. UTF1. 6, depending on the setting of the national character set when the database is created. These datatypes allow character data in Unicode to be stored in a database that may or may not use Unicode as database character set. Implicit Type Conversion. In addition to all the implicit conversions for CHAR/VARCHAR2, Oracle Database also supports implicit conversion for NCHAR/NVARCHAR2. Implicit conversion between CHAR/VARCHAR2 and NCHAR/NVARCHAR2 is also supported. LOB Character Datatypes. The LOB datatypes for character data are CLOB and NCLOB. They can store up to 8 terabytes of character data (CLOB) or national character set data (NCLOB). LONG Datatype. Note. Do not create tables with LONG columns. Use LOB columns (CLOB, NCLOB) instead. LONG columns are supported only for backward compatibility. Oracle also recommends that you convert existing LONG columns to LOB columns. LOB columns are subject to far fewer restrictions than LONG columns. Further, LOB functionality is enhanced in every release, whereas LONG functionality has been static for several releases. Columns defined as LONG can store variable- length character data containing up to 2 gigabytes of information. LONG data is text data that is to be appropriately converted when moving among different systems. LONG datatype columns are used in the data dictionary to store the text of view definitions. Super Smash Bros. for Wii U is the fifth installment of the Super Smash Bros. series, and was developed by Sora Ltd. and Bandai Namco Games. [1] While this game and. Buy PSP games and accessories at GameStop. Shop our huge selection of new and used PSP games and accessories. Hottest Deals. Great deals happening right now. Weekly Ad. This week's best deals, all in one place. Deal of the Day. A great deal, today only. Member Offers. The Nintendo eShop is a digital distribution service powered by the Nintendo Network for the Nintendo 3DS and Wii U, and by a dedicated online infrastructure for. Partner Perspectives. Partner Perspectives. Partner Perspectives. White Papers. Current Issue. ![]() ![]() Digital Transformation Myths & Truths. Transformation is on every IT organization's to- do list, but effectively transforming IT means a major shift in technology as well as business models and culture. In this IT Trend Report, we examine some of the misconceptions of digital transformation and look at steps you can take to succeed technically and culturally.[Interop ITX 2. State Of Dev. Ops Report. The Dev. Ops movement brings application development and infrastructure operations together to increase efficiency and deploy applications more quickly. But embracing Dev. Ops means making significant cultural, organizational, and technological changes. This research report will examine how and why IT organizations are adopting Dev. Ops methodologies, the effects on their staff and processes, and the tools they are utilizing for the best results. Video. Sponsored Video. Slideshows. Twitter Feed. ![]() What's New - Coffing DWVersion 1. Added Azure SQL Data Warehouse to Teradata in the single- table mover. Added Azure SQL Data Warehouse to Teradata in the database mover. The Super Join Builder now supports joins from Azure SQL Data Warehouse to Teradata. ![]()
Microsoft Odbc For Oracle Versions Differences GinuwineMetrics for Azure SQL Data Warehouse have been added to the Super Join Builder. No. PI tables are now displayed in the WHERE tab of the Super Join Builder. Fixed a parsing issue when running multi- statement SQL requests on Hadoop. Fixed an issue creating cubes in the Super Join Builder when the Teradata Calendar table had been added. Fixed an issue in the Super Join Builder where columns in the WHERE clause tab were not being added to data movement. Version 1. 1. 1. 1. Added data movement from Redshift to DB2 in the single- table data mover. Added several analytic functions to the in- memory Garden of Analysis such as List. Agg. 3. Removed the Indexes on Redshift node and split it into two separate nodes for Distribution Key and Sort Keys. Added Constraints, References and Referenced By nodes to the Redshift system tree. Microsoft Odbc For Oracle Versions Differences BetweenPrimary Key will now be highlighted with an different icon in the Redshift system tree. The distribution key column will now be colored blue in the Redshift tree. Column compression will now be shown as a column attribute in the Redshift system tree. Added table- level refresh to Redshift system tree. Fixed data source re- connection issue when Redshift ODBC driver connection state is “Starting…”. ![]() In computing, Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a standard application programming interface (API) for accessing database management systems (DBMS). Fixed issue moving Date columns from Redshift to Teradata. Fixed issues where comments were not being sent to the driver. This can be turned on or off in Tools > Options. View alias issue in the Super Join Builder which was causing WHERE clause items to not populate has been fixed. Changed text “serial number” to “activation key” globally. Added program bit- type to information copied to clipboard in Help > About. Version 1. 1. 1. 0. Added Hadoop to Teradata, SQL Server, Oracle and DB2 in the single- table data mover. Added Hadoop to Teradata in the database mover. Added first- phase custom SQL in Super Join Builder. Updated Hadoop indexes and partition display in system tree. Updated Teradata Aster partition and constraints display in system tree. Direct Data Export is tied to each query window now. Added DB2 metrics to the Super Join Builder. Fixed timestamp fractional display issue for timestamps with over 7 fractional seconds. Fixed issue saving to Tableau format when using Direct Data Export. Fixed issue when video help XML file is empty. Removed hard- coded USEREGIONALSETTINGS=Y in Teradata connection string to help with localization. Modified test connection for Hadoop to make connections more stable. Fixed Query. Grid foreign server alias mismatch error in the Super Join Builder. Fixed licensing issues on some wire- protocol drivers. Added additional logging on scheduled batch processes. Removed external table node in Teradata Aster system tree. Fixed Recent File List error when saving to a text file. Quick Select from Hadoop will no longer show partition columns. Fixed comma- separated values file compression issue. Updated Hadoop Super Join Builder demo for Hadoop. Hadoop query syntax errors in the Super Join Builder are fixed. Query. Grid query syntax errors in the Super Join Builder are fixed. Modified My Schemas on Teradata Aster to allow filtering of schemas in system tree. Fixed numeric formatting issue in Hound Dog Compression. Fixed localization issue with pulling Teradata version number in Hound Dog Compression. Fixed Teradata Aster reconnection issues when loading objects in the Super Join Builder. Fixed formatting issue in Hound Dog Compress for float data types. Fixed regression issues with TD1. Removed partition check for systems earlier than Teradata 1. Hound Dog Compression. Fixed DDL NULL column issue in SAP Hana when converting tables from other systems. Excluding non- index partition columns from Hound Dog Compression. The array data type will show in the Teradata system tree. Fixed “object not set to a reference of an object” error in the Super Join Builder when using Query. Grid. Version 1. 1. Added Greenplum to Teradata data movement options. Added Greenplum to SQL Server data movement options. Added Greenplum to Oracle data movement options. Added Greenplum to Azure SQL Data Warehouse data movement options. Added DB2 to Teradata data movement options. Added DB2 to SQL Server data movement options. Added DB2 to Oracle data movement options. Added DB2 to Azure SQL Data Warehouse data movement options. Added DB2 to SAP Hana data movement options. Added DB2 to DB2 data movement options. Added Teradata to DB2 data movement options. Added Teradata to SAP Hana data movement options. Added Teradata to Hadoop data movement options using Sqoop. Added SQL Server to DB2 data movement options. Added Oracle to DB2 data movement options. Added Oracle to SAP Hana data movement options. Added Oracle to Hadoop data movement options using Sqoop. Added SQL Server to SAP data movement options. Added SQL Server to Hadoop data movement options using Sqoop. Added Azure SQL Data Warehouse to DB2 data movement options. Added Azure SQL Data Warehouse to Azure SQL Data Warehouse movement options. Added Azure SQL Data Warehouse to SAP Hana data movement options. Added SAP Hana to Oracle data movement options. Added SAP Hana to SQL Server data movement options. Added SAP Hana to Azure SQL Data Warehouse data movement options. Added SAP Hana to DB2 data movement options. Added SAP Hana to SAP Hana data movement options. Added Hadoop to Oracle data movement options. Added Hadoop to SQL Server data movement options. Added Hadoop to DB2 data movement options. Added Excel import to Oracle. Added Excel import to Teradata. Added Excel import to SQL Server. Added Excel import to Azure SQL Data Warehouse. Added Excel import to DB2. Added Excel import to SAP Hana. Added table data type conversions for all new data movement options. Scheduler has been redesigned. New way to schedule queries via the scheduler. Super Join Builder queries and data movement can now be scheduled. Comparisons between systems can now be scheduled. Data movement between systems can now be scheduled. Teradata Compression can now be scheduled. Updated the DB2 system tree. Updated the Greenplum system tree. Added support for SAP Hana in the system tree. Added support for Postgres in the system tree. Nexus will now handle objects in Hadoop tree based on if they are a table or view. Added several new objects to the Oracle system tree. Fixed issue on SQL Server with My Databases filter menu on system tree. Fixed Vertica issue displaying multiple items in system tree. Fixed query issues with DB2 9. Made changes to how Excel data types are displayed in the system tree. Fixed several issues displaying system information in Netezza system tree. Super Join Builder joins can be saved. Added support for Query. Grid to Super Join Builder. Added Hadoop support in the Super Join Builder. Updates to Redshift in Super Join Builder. Added Greenplum support in the Super Join Builder. Fixed cube tables error in the Super Join Builder. Added Greenplum to database compare module. Added Redshift to database compare module. Added new AWS product keys for government region. Turned off all internet calls for AWS government region. Updated Amazon Product Codes for New AWS government region. Nexus can now export data results to Tableau (. Logon Mechanism crash fix when creating a data source. OS Polling Integration to facilitate data movement. Added lexer for SAP Hana and Postgres. Optimized the code to set the correct lexer for all systems. Fixed conversion bug between Teradata and SQL Server. Fixed bug joining tables in the Garden of Analysis. Updated copyright to 2. Added Greenplum demo database. Fixed issues with Hadoop data type conversions to other systems. Moved the data movement log to its own tab in the ODBC Stream Loader. Fixed several Redshift issues in the Super Join Builder. Updated Greenplum keywords in the parser. Added Execute as Batch option to Oracle queries. Fixed bug when formatting . Net datatable with an undefined schema. Fixed a Greenplum drag and drop issue to include schema. Added the ability to change the user’s password on some system after connection. Create Unique Table control will no longer remain visible when changing tabs in database movement. Fixed issue pulling the SQL Server system number. Fixed several bugs moving to Oracle using Bulk Copy. Fixed issue with My Database returning an unclear error when there are no databases in the list. SQL Developer Dialog Boxes and Wizards. SQL Developer uses dialog boxes for creating and editing database connections and objects in the database (tables, views, procedures, and so on). The dialog boxes sometimes have multiple tabs, each reflecting a logical grouping of properties for that type of object. For an explanation of any dialog box or tab, click the Help button or press the F1 key. The dialog boxes and wizards are not presented here in any rigorous order, because the help for each is an independent piece of information and is normally seen when you click Help or press F1 in that context. Note. For all Name fields, any name that you type is automatically converted to and stored in the database metadata in uppercase, unless you enclose the name in quotation marks (" "). Names of database objects in SQL and PL/SQL statements are not case- sensitive.). To include lowercase characters, special characters, or spaces in object names, enclose the name in quotation marks (" ") when you type it. Example: "My table"5. Add Extension. This dialog box is displayed when you click Add in the File Types pane of SQL Developer Preferences. Extension: Specify the file extension, including the period (for example, . After you click OK, you can select that extension and modify its details, including the file type, content type, and whether to have files with the extension automatically opened by SQL Developer. Add Schema Error. This dialog box is displayed when you specify an invalid file after clicking Add in the XML Schemas pane of SQL Developer Preferences. A list of the errors is displayed. Ignore errors and continue registration: Ignores the errors and allows the process of registering the specified XML schema or schemas after you click OK. Choose this option only if you are sure that the apparent errors can be ignored. Skip registration and open using SQL Developer: Opens an editing window in which you can correct any errors. Analyze Database Migration. This dialog box is displayed if you right- click a third- party database connection and select Analyze Database. You specify the database connection for the migration repository and the location and name of the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet file (. Oracle. Repository Connection: Database connection for the migration repository. Estimation Output File (. Microsoft Excel spreadsheet file that will contain information to help you estimate the migration effort. It will contain worksheets for Summary (executive summary), Instructions (steps and assumptions), and various detailed information. Application Migration. The Application Wizard enables you to migrate a DBLib or CTLib Sybase application to Oracle by specifying a directory with source code from the DBLib or CTLib Sybase application. You will be able to see what changes must be made to migrate the application to Oracle, and to perform the migration. The Welcome page includes a description of the wizard's operation and options. If you want to continue to see this Welcome page in the future, do not enable (do not check) the Do not show this page again option. Follow the instructions on each page of the wizard. Change Type. Use this dialog box to change the data type of a column in a captured model before you perform the migration. Source Data Type: Specify the new data type for the column. Any remaining fields in the dialog box depend on the Source Data Type that is selected. Check for Updates. When you click Help and then Check for Updates, you can check for and download available SQL Developer updates. The following pages may be displayed. If you have enabled the SQL Developer preference to check for updates automatically at startup, and if you click to see available updates at startup, the Updates page is displayed.)If you are unable to check for updates because your system is behind a firewall, you may need to set the SQL Developer user preferences for Web Browser and Proxy. Source: Select the source or sources to be checked for available updates: any or all of some specified online update centers, or a local ZIP file containing an update bundle. You can also click Add to add a user- defined update center. Updates: If any updates are available from the selected source or sources, select those that you want to download. The available updates include certain third- party JDBC drivers, which require that you agree to the terms of their licenses. The Show Upgrades Only option restricts the display to upgrades of currently installed SQL Developer components. To enable the display of all new and updated components, whether currently installed or not, uncheck this option. After you click Next, you may be prompted to enter your Oracle Web Account user name and password. If you do not have an account, you can click the Sign Up link. License Agreements (displayed only if you selected any updates that require a license agreement): For each update that requires you to agree to the terms of a license, review the license text and click I Agree. You must do this for each applicable license. Download: If you selected any updates to download, this page displays the progress of the download operation. Summary: Displays information about the updates that were downloaded. After you click Finish, you will be asked if you want to install the updates now and restart SQL Developer. Check Out from CVSUse this dialog box to check out modules from a CVS repository. Connection Name: Name of the connection to the repository. Module Name: Name of the module to be checked out. Path: Path to the module. Get/Refresh Module List: Displays the list of modules or updates the current display. Destination Folder: Folder into which to place the checked out files. Use Revision or Tag: If this option is checked, the revision or tag that you specify in the text box is used. To see the available tags, click the binoculars icon. Prune Empty Folders: If this option is checked, empty folders are removed from the working directory. Choose Directory. This is a standard box for choosing a directory in which to place files: use Location to navigate to (double- clicking) the folder in which to save the files, or enter a directory name. If the directory does not already exist, it is created. Component Palette. The Component Palette displays the elements that you can drag and drop. The components available for selection in the palette vary depending on the content of the active editor window. To insert a component into a file open in the active editor, drag the component from the palette to an insertion point in the editor. In some file types you can click a component in the palette and then click in the editor to insert the component. Enter the appropriate information in the dialog box that is displayed (for example, Insert CDATA or Insert Processing Instruction in an XML file). Component Palette: Configure Component Palette. Lets you configure the component palette. Note that some page types cannot be edited or removed, and most existing component types cannot be added to, edited, or removed. Add: Displays the Component Palette: Create Palette Page dialog box. Remove: Deletes the selected page from the palette. Rename: Renames a specified page. Component Palette: Create Palette Page. Lets you create a new page for the component palette. Specify a name of the page, and select the type of page from a list. Page Name: Name of the page. Suggestion: Include the type of page in the name, perhaps naming pages in the form name_type_page. Page Type: Page type, selected from the list. Component Palette: New/Edit Code Snippet. Lets you create or edit a code snippet, which you will be able to drag into files that you edit. Name: Name for the code snippet. Image: Icon image to be associated with the snippet. Code: Code for the snippet. Component Palette: New Section / Rename Section. Lets you create or rename a section in the Code Snippets panel of the Component Palette. You can create sections in the Code Snippets panel to organize your snippets better. For example, if you have a group of code snippets that pertain to mathematical functions, you can create a new section called Math and group the related snippets under it. Name: Name of the section. Confirm Drop Application. This dialog box is displayed when you right- click an Application Express application and select Drop. To drop the application, click Yes; to keep (not drop) the application, click No. If the application contains an uninstall script, that script is run before the application is dropped. ![]() · Is your iPhone, iPad or iPod touch stuffed to the gills with cruft, making it problematic for daily use? Are you running out of space? Have you already been. Home > Support > Services & Apps > Wireless Internet Services (Data Only) > Important Information About Verizon Wireless Broadband Internet Access Services. BBC i. Player - Wikipedia. BBC i. Player. BBC i. Player homepage. Developer(s)BBCInitial release. Stable release. 3. July 2. 01. 2; 5 years ago (2. Written in. Javascript, Adobe AIRPlatform. Windows, mac. OS, Linux, i. OS, Android, Apple TV, Amazon Fire TV, Chromecast, Roku, Virgin Media(Streaming only), Freesat (beta), Sky Go (part of On Demand service), Sky TV, BT TV (part of On Demand service), Now TV, Play. Station 3, Play. Station 4, Xbox 3. Xbox One, Windows Phone 8, You. View, Wii UAvailable in. English, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic[1]Type. Media player software. License. TV licence. Websitewww. bbc. co. ![]() BBC i. Player is an internet streaming, catchup, television and radio service from the UK's. BBC. The service is available on a wide range of devices, including mobile phones and tablets, personal computers, and smart televisions. Player services delivered to UK based viewers feature no commercial advertising; non- UK users receive adverts. The terms BBC i. Player, i. Player, and BBC Media Player refer to various methods for viewing/listening to the same content. Viewing live television broadcasts from any UK broadcaster, or BBC TV catch- up programmes, in the UK without a TV licence is a criminal offence.[2]In 2. BBC reported that it was moving towards playing audio and video content via open HTML5 standards in web browsers rather than via Flash or their Media Player mobile app.[3]Historical[edit]BBC Redux was developed as a proof of concept for a cross- platform, Flash Video- based streaming system.[4]: 1.
BBC i. Player left beta and went live on 2. December 2. 00. 7.[5] On 2. June 2. 00. 8, a new- look i. Player was launched, originally as a beta- test version alongside the earlier version.[6] The site tagline was "Catch up on the last 7 days of BBC TV & Radio", reflecting that programmes were unavailable on i. Player after this time (with some exceptions). The BBC state on their website that this is due to copyright reasons. The marketing slogan was later changed to "Making the unmissable, unmissable". In May 2. 01. 0 the site was updated again, to include a recommendations feature and a "social makeover".[7]In February 2. BBC i. Player was once again modified to include links to programmes from other broadcasters, including ITV, ITV2, ITV3, ITV4, Channel 4, E4, More. Film. 4, Channel 5, 5*, 5. USA and S4. C. The feature was added to the search function and the channels function. When users click on a programme by another broadcaster, they are redirected to the relevant broadcaster's catch up service (either the ITV Hub, All 4 or My. In April 2. 01. 4, BBC i. Player was once again relaunched with a new look and a different user interface. From October 2. 01. BBC extended the programme availability for programmes on i. Player from 7 days to 3. However, due to legal reasons, most news bulletins are only available for 2. World Business Report, Business Live, Victoria Derbyshire, Daily Politics, Politics Europe, Sunday Politics and Newsnight) .[9] Some archive programming is available for the long term, such as Timewatch. Specific applications for mobile platforms were launched in February 2. These were initially for i. OS and Android devices, where the launch would have the biggest impact.[1. Development[edit]The original i. Player service was launched in October 2. February 2. 00. 6. Player was heavily criticised for delay in its launch, rebranding, and cost to BBC licence- fee payers, because no finished product had been released after four years of development.[1. A new, improved i. Player service then had another very limited user trial which began on 1. November 2. 00. 6. At various times during its development, i. Player was known as the Integrated Media Player (i. MP),[1. 2][1. 3] Interactive Media Player,[1. My. BBCPlayer.[1. The i. Player received the approval of the BBC Trust on 3. April 2. 00. 7, and an open beta for Windows XP and Windows Server 2. July 2. 00. 7, where it was announced that only a fixed number of people would be able to sign up for the service, with a controlled increase in users over the summer.[1. The BBC had been criticised for saying that the i. Player would 'launch' on 2. July 2. 00. 7, when what was on offer was simply an extension of the beta to an open beta, admitting more users in a controlled manner.[1. This was done reportedly to allow British ISPs and the BBC to gauge the effect of the i. Player traffic on the Internet within the UK. The open beta incorporated a media player, an electronic programme guide (EPG) and specially designed download client, and allowed the download of BBC Television content by computers assigned to a United Kingdom- based IP address, for use up to thirty days after broadcast. However, it was available only to users of Windows XP. This was a controversial decision by the BBC, which led to a petition against the decision being posted on 1. Downing Street's e- petition website.[1. The petition reached 1. August 2. 00. 7. The response from the Government was.. Trust noted the strong public demand for the service to be available on a variety of operating systems. The BBC Trust made it a condition of approval for the BBC's on- demand services that the i. Player is available to users of a range of operating systems, and has given a commitment that it will ensure that the BBC meets this demand as soon as possible. They will measure the BBC's progress on this every six months and publish the findings.[1. On 1. 6 October 2. BBC announced a strategic relationship with Adobe, that would bring a limited, streaming- only version of the i. Player to Mac and Linux users, and Windows users who cannot or do not wish to use the i. Player download service, such as Windows 9x users.[2. The streaming service was launched on 1. December 2. 00. 7.[2. Most programmes can be viewed for up to seven days after broadcast, unlike the thirty days provided by the download service.[2. Since January 2. 00. Player has supported Mozilla Firefox under the Microsoft Windows platform for downloading content.[2. Before the i. Player had even launched, it was announced that the BBC, alongside ITV and Channel 4, were intending to launch a new video on demand platform, provisionally named Kangaroo. It was intended that Kangaroo would complement the video on demand services that these channels were already offering, including the i. Player, by making programmes available once their "catch up" period expires.[2. The Kangaroo project was eventually abandoned after being blocked by the Competition Commission early in 2. Following a deal between the BBC and cable television provider Virgin Media, the i. Player service was made available through the provider's on- demand service.[2. The cable service launched on 3. April 2. 00. 8,[2. BBC i. Player program.[2. In response to a Freedom of Information Act request, the BBC revealed that as of 8 April 2. Player had so far cost £6 million to develop.[2. On 2. 3 August 2. Series Stacking, was announced.[2. This feature started being rolled out on 1. September 2. 00. 8, and allowed viewers to watch previous programmes from selected series until the series has ended, with a limit of up to thirteen weeks after first broadcast.[2. Not all programmes will form part of the stack, however. The BBC Trust permitted 1. Crimewatch. On 1. December 2. 00. 8, the BBC released, as part of the i. Player Labs feature, i. Player Desktop for OS X and Linux operating systems. This moved the download service away from the previous P2. P based distribution model and onto an HTTP download model.[3. On 2. 0 April 2. 00. BBC incorporated high- definition streams and downloads of some content on the i. Player. There are plans to roll out the HD streams to devices such as the Virgin Set Top Box, but no date has yet been set. An i. Player application for the Play. Station 3 was announced by Sony in August 2. September 2. 00. 9 along with the Firmware 3. Play. Station 3.[3. Another version of i. Player was released in late 2. Nintendo Wii. This shows only low definition videos of BBC shows up to seven days after their release on television. On 2. 8 July 2. 01. BBC Worldwide released an international version of the i. Player.[3. 5]Speaking in 2. Ralph Rivera, BBC Director of Future Media, said that "In the same way as the BBC has a role in making sure there is a healthy TV ecosystem, the BBC should be playing the same sort of role in the digital sector. It's part of why we have a licence fee."[3. On 2. 6 September 2. BBC i. Player Desktop was replaced by BBC i. Player Downloads, which was no longer based on Adobe AIR. Top 1. 0 Ways to Deal With a Slow Internet Connection. Sometimes, slow internet is the universe’s way of telling you to go play outside. Other times, it’s the universe’s cruel joke to destroy your productivity. Horse racing; Ice hockey; Karate; Olympics; Racing; Motorsport Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each. The goal is to score. Horse racing; Ice hockey; Karate; Olympics; Racing; Motorsport Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on an oval-shaped field. Here are 1. 0 ways to troubleshoot, fix, or just survive a slow internet connection.*This story originally ran in June, 2. Patrick Austin in August, 2. Check Your Speeds (and Your Plan)Sometimes, your internet is slow because you’re only paying for slow internet. Log onto your provider’s web site (or give them a call) and find out what plan you have. Then, head on over to Speedtest. If the numbers match up to what you’re paying for, then your network is working fine and you’re just paying for slow internet—and the best way to speed it up will be to upgrade. Though some of the below tricks will help you eke out a bit more speed). If the numbers don’t match, read on for a few ways to fix that problem. ![]() Optimize your storage and back up your files because the Windows Fall Update is just around the corner. At the IFA Keynote in Berlin Terry Meyerson, VP of the Windows. Element 3d Plugin Download Crack Fifa 12Element 3d Plugin Download Crack Fifa 10As I understand it, most internet service plans require you to pay for specific upload and download …Read more 9. Troubleshoot Your Hardware. Before you go cursing your internet provider, give your modem and router a quick reset (that is, turn them off and on again) and see if that helps. Check the other computers in your house to see if their internet is slow, too—if the problem only happens on one computer, the problem is that computer, not your router or modem. Run through these troubleshooting steps to see if it’s a hardware problem. Then, once you fix your router or modem (or replace it), you’ll be browsing speedily once again. Check out our complete guide to knowing your network for more router tips, too. You're zooming down the information superhighway getting things done when your usually- trusty…Read more 8. Fix Your Wi- Fi Signal. If you’re using Wi. Fi, you might find that your router and internet are fine, but your wireless signal is weak, causing a slowdown. In that case, you may need to reposition, tweak, and boost your router with a few tricks. There are more than we could share in one paltry paragraph—in fact, we have a whole top 1. Wi. Fi, so check that out if you suspect wireless signal is the problem. Turn Off Bandwidth- Hogging Plugins and Apps. If your hardware seems to be in working order, see if any other programs are hogging the connection. For example, if you’re downloading files with Bit. Torrent, regular web browsing is going to be slower. You should also try installing extensions like Ad. Block Plus or Flash. Block, which will block some of the bandwidth- hogging ads, animations, and videos that can use up your connection. File- syncing services like Google Drive, Dropbox, or One. Drive might be moving data in the background, which can eat up your bandwidth and slow down your internet connection. Quit or pause those applications if you find them moving files. Computers often download necessary updates in the background, while you’re doing something less web- intensive. You can configure your PC to notify you before downloading any updates, and schedule installation when you’re not using your computer, either in the middle of the night or when you’re off at work. These fixes probably won’t solve all your issues, but they can at least help make a slow connection feel more usable. Dear Lifehacker, My favorite private Bit. Torrent tracker, Demonoid, has apparently gone down for…Read more 6. Try a New DNS Server. When you type an address into your browser—like lifehacker. DNS to look up and translate that into a computer- friendly IP address. Sometimes, though, the servers your computer uses to look up that information can have issues, or go down entirely. Check out our guide to finding the fastest (and most secure) DNS servers for more information. If your default DNS servers aren’t having problems, then you probably won’t find too much of an improvement with an alternative server—but it might speed up your browsing by a few milliseconds, at least. Every millisecond counts when you're browsing the web, and if you'd like to eke a bit…Read more 5. Optimize Your Web for a Slow Connection. Troubleshooting slow internet can take awhile, and in the meantime you still need to browse. Or maybe you’re at a coffee shop or on a plane, and there’s nothing you can do about your slow speeds. In that case, it’s time to optimize your web for a slower connection: use mobile or HTML versions of your favorite sites, disable images, and use features like Opera Turbo. In fact, we recommend setting up a secondary browser on your laptop for just such a situation—it can really make a difference when you need to work on a slow connection. Google has its own Data Saver extension, which employs the company’s servers to compress browsing data before it reaches you. If you’re in a pinch and really need to get online, you can always tether to your smartphone, turning it into an access point for your laptop or other wireless device. While there’s usually no data limit when you’re browsing in your home or at a coffee shop, tethering via your smartphone could eat up your data cap. You should employ the same data- saving tips when using your phone’s tethering service. Optimizing your web browser with mobile or HTML versions of web pages is useful when data is not only hard to come by, but potentially pricey. No matter how fast your home network may be, we all get stuck using slow, unreliable Wi- Fi or…Read more 4. Work Smart. If you need to get work done on your slow connection, you may have to prioritize tasks differently than if your internet were super fast. So, separate your tasks into bandwidth- heavy and bandwidth- light ones. Get the light ones done when you’re on your slow connection, and group all the bandwidth- heavy tasks together so you can do them if and when you get faster access (and if you can’t get it at home, see if you can borrow a neighbor or relative just for those tasks). Similarly, work outside your browser whenever possible—if you’re doing basic writing, do it in your favorite text editor instead of in your browser. If you plan your work ahead of time, you can at least make the best of a bad situation. Dear Lifehacker. I'm going home for the holidays, and my parents have a very slow connection.…Read more 3. Call Your Internet Provider. If you’ve gone through all the necessary troubleshooting steps and your internet is still slow, then it’s time to call your internet provider and see if the problem is on their end. Remember: don’t just assume they’ve done something wrong, and treat your customer service representative with respect. You’re much more likely to get good results. Don’t forget, they can probably hear you bad- mouthing them while you’re on hold. Check out our guide to getting better customer service for tips on cutting the line and getting your way. You might want to see if you can get a better deal on your internet, while you’re at it—especially if they’ve been giving you the wrong speeds all this time. Find a New Provider. If your ISP can’t help you (maybe they don’t provide the speeds you want, or maybe you’re just sick of their horrible customer service), it’s time to find a new ISP. You might have trouble in this endeavor, however, due to the stranglehold ISPs have on the market, stifling competition and giving consumers few options from which to choose. That may mean a switch to a different type of provider might be in order, like cable, DSL, satellite, or fiber. You should do a little research before you pick up the phone. Check out our guide to choosing the best provider in your area, and make sure they provide the type of speeds you want. Dear Lifehacker, My internet has ticked me off for the last time and I've been thinking of…Read more 1. Use Your Time Productively. If you’re lucky, you can get your internet speeds back up to snuff quickly and stress- free. But, if not, you can at least try to put a good spin on it: As long as your work isn’t too bandwidth- intensive, slow internet could actually make you more productive. After all, if Facebook takes a minute to load, you’re a lot less likely to pop over for a “quick break” (that turns into an hour- long photo- fest) when you’re supposed to be working on that term paper. I know we’ve all seen it. 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In his speech announcing that he intends to pull the US out of the Paris climate accord, President Trump said that he was “elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris.” And yet, as I sit here just outside Pittsburgh, I get this feeling that he’s not acting in my and my neighbors’ best interests. Memo to Trump: Hillary won Pittsburgh. Somehow my hometown, the good old Steel City, has been saddled with a reputation it doesn’t really have: that of factory workers, of coal miners, of people who don’t care if the air is smoky. You can find pictures of a Pittsburgh with a nearly black atmosphere—but none were taken in recent years. My parents used to take me to the Carnegie Library, built a century earlier with the steel magnate’s money. I thought it was made of some kind of black stone, and one day in 1. I was shocked to see it being painted white. Why are they doing that? I asked. My mom and dad both laughed. They’re cleaning off the soot!” Steel is our history, not our future. Steel is our history, not our future. Pittsburgh wasn’t choked with smoke in my lifetime, thanks to the Clean Air act of 1. President Trump is half a century too late; steel manufacturing isn’t coming back. Coal mining is even older; there are mines in other parts of Pennsylvania but the ones in our city are abandoned. In the neighborhood where I grew up, many of the houses had cracks in their brickwork because the ground underneath us included spent coal mines. One house on my street had to have its basement rebuilt. Another time, a sinkhole opened up just a few blocks from home. Pittsburghers have plenty of experience with the attitude that goes “screw the environment, let’s do whatever makes money.” It’s what we’ve been working for decades to clean up. Pittsburgh is a poster city for how to recover after coal and steel and manufacturing have fucked everything up. Look at us now. Who are the biggest employers in Pittsburgh? Not mills, not factories. Our biggest employers are a hospital and a university. In fact, seven of the top 1. United States Steel, squeezed between Walmart and the City of Pittsburgh itself, does make number 1. But that’s its corporate headquarters. Browse their listings for hourly jobs, and there’s only one at the moment: a railway car repair person. Pittsburgh is a poster city for how to recover after coal and steel and manufacturing have fucked everything up. The city itself is all about services, health care, technology, and the like. Eight years ago, we had a different guy as our brand- new president, and he said “Pittsburgh stands as a bold example of how to create new jobs and industries while transitioning to a 2. Heck, we already have self- driving cars. I’m not saying we’re perfect. Fracking is big business in our rural surrounding areas, and poses its own environmental issues that need to be taken care of. Meanwhile, the Pennsylvania Environmental Council just held a summit here to discuss how to reduce our dependence on coal- fired power plants. Our state produces a lot of greenhouse gases, and exports a lot of the country’s electricity. We’re on track to reduce emissions by a third by 2. And so does the rest of the country. We have a lot in common with the rest of the US on that count. Check out this data from Yale’s Climate Communication project on how people feel about reducing CO2 as a pollutant. A majority of us, in every single state, think this is something we need to do. And check out Pittsburgh’s color on the map: we’re not yellow or peach or orange. Pittsburgh pops out in cherry red. We know what’s up. Pittsburgh has its Trump voters, to be sure, but when people here go to the voting booth, there’s no mandate for officials who will take us back to Smoky City days. Take our mayor, for example, who tweeted this in reaction to the Paris news: So, Mr. President, if you want to represent the people of Pittsburgh, you’ll need to re- think your stance on Paris. Why the Everglades Might Never Look the Same After Hurricane Irma. As Hurricane Irma rakes the west coast of Florida, all eyes are on the cities and human lives in the storm’s path. But Irma is also hammering the Florida Everglades, and the scientists familiar with this fragile ecosystem are concerned the storm could deliver a devastating blow.“They’re losing out,” said Hal Wanless, a geologist at the University of Miami, when asked what’s been happening to the Everglades’ coastal marshes and mangrove swamps in wake of recent, powerful hurricanes. According to Wanless, a trifecta of urban development, extreme weather, and climate change has eroded the Everglades’ resilience. The system, he said, “is getting set back, it’s having trouble keeping up.”A sixty- mile wide river of sawgrass and mangrove forests that used to stretch all the way from Orlando to the Florida Keys, the Everglades is an internationally- recognized ecological treasure, home to alligators, panthers, manatees, crocodiles, more than 3. Its very existence is both predicated on water and existentially threatened by it—but the threats have been dramatically amplified over the past century, by unnatural drainage and development, and by unnatural changes to Earth’s climate. In order make South Florida livable, people had to drain the swamp. That effort began in earnest in the mid 2. Lake Okeechobee, a sprawling lens of freshwater that used to spill all the way down the sawgrass prairies of the Everglades and into Florida Bay. With the construction of thousands of miles of levees and canals, humans were able to tame, contain, and re- direct the lake, draining hundreds of thousands of acres of land directly south of it for sugar cultivation. The coastal floodplains of South Florida, meanwhile, were made suitable for highways, golf courses, and skyscrapers, setting the stage for a massive population boom. Roughly half of the Everglades has been drained or paved over since developers decided to conquer the land early US explorers described as “hideous” and “abominable.” What’s left of the formerly formidable ecosystem is far too dry, and plagued by a laundry list of ailments, from seagrass die- offs in Florida Bay when salinity levels get too high in the summer, to toxic algae blooms along Treasure Coast when too much agricultural effluent is sent spewing out of Lake O., to raging wildfires across habitats that used to be full- time wetlands. Compounding the problems caused by the draining of the Everglades is the threat of human- caused climate change. South Florida, which sits on porous limestone substrate often likened to Swiss cheese, has recently faced some of the highest rates of sea level rise in the world, and as the ocean plows further into its freshwater- adapted marshes, it’s weakening them even more. The region has seen about foot of sea level rise since the 1. Now, to add insult to injury, we have Irma, the strongest storm to make landfall in the United States since Hurricane Katrina, and one that a growing chorus of scientists are saying isn’t quite natural, either. While the extent of the storm’s impact on the Everglades won’t be known for some time, Wanless said that past storms, particularly Hurricane Andrew, which struck South Florida as a Category 5 in 1. It was in wake of that storm that the United National put the Everglades on the list of World Heritage sites in Danger.“Andrew put down 8. Wanless said, noting that these swamps, which hold about half of their biomass in their massive root systems, literally build land out of the water. As soon as they start to decay, that land disappears. We were getting subsidence rates of two to four centimeters per year, anywhere along Biscayne Bay or the West Coast of Florida north of Cape Sable,” in swamps leveled by the hurricane. Many of the mangrove stands that were badly hit by Hurricane Andrew, particularly the Ten Thousand Islands region near Everglades City, have since become part of the ocean, Wanless said.“It becomes a challenge for this mangrove fringe to survive,” he said. They build soil [rapidly], and could probably keep up with a couple feet of sea level rise per century if there weren’t hurricanes.” But, “we’re gonna see a rapid loss of the mangroves in the presence of things like Irma.” That creates problems for inland, freshwater- adapted marshes, which the mangroves help to buffer against both storms and rising sea levels. As saltwater plows inland, it is triggering the collapse of thick, organic peat soils, which in turn leads to more loss of land. As these soils become exposed to salt, you strongly tip the balance toward a more rapid breakdown,” Everglades ecologist Steve Davis told Gizmodo last year. These changes are evident in Cape Sable, an isolated and rapidly- eroding stretch of mangrove swamp, beach and marsh at the southwest toe of Everglades National Park that’s expected to see surges as high as 1. Irma.“At a time when we’re having over a foot of sea level rise and accelerating each century, it becomes a race between the mangroves coming back and subsidence that leads to open water,” Wanless said. All of this has implications for the millions of people living in South Florida, who rely on a healthy, functioning Everglades to replenish their drinking water supply. Surficial, coastal aquifers are already being contaminated by saltwater intrusion on account of the Everglades being too dry, and as the oceans continue to creep up without enough freshwater recharge from the wetlands, the threat is expected to get worse. Meanwhile, population growth and urban sprawl could double Floridians’ water demands by mid- century. The multi- billion dollar solution to this tangled web of problems is the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, an Army Corps- led effort to increase the flow of freshwater south from Lake Okeechobee in order to help the wetlands rebuild their strength. Many Everglades ecologists say it’s the only way to buy these ecosystems more time, but nearly twenty years after plans were first drawn up, little progress has been made.“If we’d immediately manage water levels that help mangroves [and marshes] recover from hurricanes and build up peats—which has not been done—maybe we could keep building up these wetlands to keep up with sea level, keep freshwater coming so they don’t dry out and burn,” Wanless said. Maybe we could hold on to the glades through much of the century. As it is, we’re gonna have saltwater intrusion, and coastal erosion.”“Time’s running out for the Everglades,” he added. Angels to Die For! Live Latin Angels. Come and Visit us for a Heavenly Experience that is out of this World, yet won’t BREAK the Bank!! The Premier escort agency in Tijuana, where your needs will be met by Beautiful, Caring and Sexy young ladies. Our naughty angels are waiting to provide you with a true girl friend experience. Just a phone call away. 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A. D. - Dingo - O. M. D. - Die Toten Hosen - Kaseva - Apulanta - Ten Sharp - Petri & Petterson Brass - Salminen, Simo - Orbital - Lab - Beatles - Sperm - Mik Monto - Orb - Rox - Outkast - Sepi Kumpulainen - Nine Inch Nails - Liisa Tavi - Velvet Underground - Damned - Emmi - Inmates - Sisters Of Mercy - Y& T - Tricky - Kettula Tsöötz - Zombie, Rob - Bay City Rollers - Sugar - Aknestik - Kreator - Ratsia - Amos, Tori - Irina - Sensuuri - Rainbow - Weeping Willows - Samhain - Nomads - Danzig - Generators - Röyksopp - Popeda - Annihilator - Riistetyt - Yölintu - Unicef - Fucking World - Dorian Gray - Anne Mattila - Lapsilta Kielletty - Teppo Ruohonen - Nukketeatteri - Irstas - Sehr Schnell - Lama - Aarnen Valinta - Aivoproteesi - Isebel's Pain - Impaled Nazarene - Aapeli Kissala ja Antipatia - Amazing Tails - SOS - Sick Of It All - Loose Prick - Korroosio - Outo Elämä - Äkäpussit - Terapia - AKK - Kollaa Kestää - Äpärät - Tinneri - 3. osa 2. Repa Rantsila - Lassi - Ilona - Nick Lowe - Eino Valtanen - Essi Wuorela - Lauluyhtye Rajaton - O- zone - Escobar - Renegades - Ella ja Aleksi - Sir Elwoodin Hiljaiset Värit - Il Divo - Värttinä - Äimä - Method Man - Air - Robin Williams - Mud - Dr. Feelgood - David Hasselhoff - Fredi - Isto Hiltunen - Nina Hagen - Nits - Trio Töykeät - Tom Jones - Elvis - Sheena Easton - Nat King Cole - Lemonheads - Swinging Blue Jeans - Sami Saari - Ricky Martin - Niko Ahvonen - Nolo & Rähjä - Jean S - Neil Sedaka - Antero Mertaranta - Anssi Kela - Lowe Motor Corporation - Nerdee - Eels - Shirelles - Scaffolds - Säkä - Kari Peitsamo - Martti Servo & Napander - Rauli "Badding" Somerjoki - Khaled Sahra - Arja Koriseva - Adam Faith - Tata Vega - Annikki Tähti - Ted Curson - Nina Tapio - Offspring - Grateful Dead - Drifters - Swingin Blue Jeans - Sum 4. Homo DJ's - Jet Jet Satellite - Tuomari Nurmio - Inner Circle - Lapinlahden linnut - Timo Rautiainen & Trio Niskalaukaus - Us. Three Dog Night - Howlin' Wolf - Lieutenant Pigeon - Nice - Emerson, Lake & Palmer - Esko, Matti - Into Veteli - Lets Eppelin - Nile - Lamb - Mothers of Invention - Nolo & Rähjä - Jam - Axe - Exploited - Eno, Brian - Norsumuurarit - Tulipunaruusut - Tauno & Taatelintallaajat - Talas - Seekers - Sentenced - Dean Martin - Nightingale - Esko Rahkonen - NWA - Armi Aavikko - Obituary - Yrjänä, A. W. - W. A. S. P. - Sika - Arg - Repe Helismaa - ATB - Tapio Rautavaara - Amon Amarth - Tapio Heinonen - Nashville Teens - Soul Asylum - Ultramariini - Iced Earth - Tyla - L. A. Guns - New Model Army - Yearning - Neuvonen, Kiti - Islanders - Rust - Smile - Extreme - Eero Koivistoinen - Nina Simone - Evereve - Ville Valo - Liisa Ruuska - Kent - Timi Yuro - Rush - Hullu- Ukko ja Kotiteollisuus - UFO - Oiling Boiling - Gerry & The Pacemakers - Sanna & Lapset - Teleks - Sandie Shaw - Wendy O. Williams - Mike and the Mechanics - Saija Varjus - Saija Tuupanen - Ebba Grön - Nurmio, Tuomari - Ricky Valance - Chemical Brothers - Rod Stewart - Rupert Hine - Eeki Mantere - Remu - U- Street All Stars - Reijo Kallio - Anthrax - Arja Havakka - Arja Saijonmaa - Avril Lavigne - Narttu - Taiska - Kari Goskinen Band - Dave Lindholm - Markku Aro - Riitta - Tuula Amberla - Linkin Park - Kaija Koo - Good Charlotte - Mc. I was emotionally, physically, and sexually abused from ages 11-14. Since then, it seems most of the men I’ve dated have been alcoholics, including my current fiance. Artisti/Bändi-Cetjussa jo olevat nimet TARKISTETAAN tästä koosteesta + parasta aikaa auki olevasta säikeestä. Artisti/Bändi-Cetjua JATKETAAN viimeksi avatussa. ![]() Fly - Leif Wager - Rhapsody - Yes - Sweet - Tomi Metsäketo - Thin Lizzy - Zongamin - Napoleon XIV - Viikate - Esquires - Shadows - Satu Pentikäinen - Norah Jones - Ella Fitzgerald - Lauri Tähkä & Elonkerjuu - U2 - 2. Maanantai - Korn - Replacements - Tarja Ylitalo - Ozzy Osbourne - Europe - Paul Mc Cartney - Ylönen, Lauri - Rockpile - Evanescence - Esa Simonen - Neil Young - George Harrison - Ossi Ahlapuro - Rose Royce - Eveliina Pokela - Live - Ventures - Simon & Garfunkel - Laila Kinnunen - Esa Pakarinen (Severi Suhonen) - Eemeli - Little Village - Elton John - 4. osa 3. Hootie & the Blowfish - Sir Douglas Quintet - Eternal Erection - Osibisa - Shania Twain - Ile Kallio - Ossi Runne - Erkki Liikanen - Nisa Soraya - Ackles, David - Dylan, Bob - Barbra Streisand - Donna Summer - Roxette - EMF - Mieskone - New Order - Edith Piaf - Four Tops - Pekka Ruuska - Anneli Sari - Sorsa Riki - Kris Kristofersson - Nilsson, Harry - Rea, Chris - Sulin Inga - Goo Goo Dolls - Ledin, Thomas - Ashanti - Ten Years After - Erasure - ELO - Loiri, Vesa- Matti - Time - Morrison, Van - Normaali, Eppu - Popeda - Georg Ots - Steppenwolf - Leonard Cohen - Tina Turner - Raggars - Sleepy Sleepers - Electricbluepeggysueandtherevolutionionsfrommars - Stone Roses - Ohilyönti - Tinni - Nelson, Willie - Ivy League - Eagles - Saana - A. Aimo - New York Dolls - Sapattivuosi - Shapiro, Helen - Entombed - Dion, Celine - Eero Raittinen - Elephant´s Memory - Ry Cooder - Reddrum Bop - Paleface - Cat Stevens - Dr. Feelgood - Ozark Mountain Daredevils - Lassila, Esko - Kate Bush - Shadowplay - Agneta Fältskog - Greenhouse AC - Carpenters - Heikki Hela - Lightnings - Se - Everlast - Terveet Kädet - Toto - Tower of Power - Eddy Grant - Neptunes - Sarpila, Antti - Turtles - Slits - Shakatak - KTMK - Matt Monro - Olli Haavisto - Top Candy - Dixies - Erkki Riikonen - Evoluutio - In Flames - Sepultura - Radiopuhelimet - Tyhjät Patterit - Telstar - Argent - Neville Brothers - Strangers - Stranglers - Ramblers - Sigue Sigue Sputnik - Kool and the Gang - Gang of Four - Urban Tale - Lena Horne - Explorers - Reef - Fogerty, John - Neuroosi - Stephanie Mills - Loverboy - Turid - Death Trip - Pate Mustajärvi - Vixen - Nypykät - @junkmail - Liimanarina - Turun Tauti - Ippe Kätkä - Kätyrit - Indochine - Haukka - K. T. M. B. - Buzzcocks - Kake Singers - Sheidi - Dick Dynamite and his Hot Lips - Sara - Aku Syrjä - Johan Lewis ja Korjaa Pois - Ice Cube - Boppers - Showaddywaddy - Danny - Yoko Ono - Ottawan - Andy Williams - Santa Esmeralda - Mouskouri Nana - Anna Kuoppamäki - Kallio, Veeti - Timo Tervo - Oz - ZZ Top - David Jones - Embrace - Charon - Skunk Anansie - Cliff Richard - Embrace- Charon- No Fun At All - Ilkka Hemming - Luoto, Leo - Embraze - Eila Pellinen - New Seekers - Randelin Kake - Kitkerät Neitsyet - Tuominen, Jamppa - Temptations - Poptones - Eric Adams - Missy Elliott - Small Faces - TTana - Tauski - Killing Joke - Lost Soul Division - Guitarslingers - Riff Raff - Foreigner - Eric Carmen - 5. osa 4. Gates of Vienna. Note: Takuan’s post (which was originally published last night) is to remain at the top for a while, so I made it “sticky”. However, much has happened since it went up, including the Blogger outage. Scroll down for a report on that. See also: Two forthrightly anti- Semitic Islamic leaders in Norway, Judicial coddling in Germany, and Part 3 of the Imran Firasat interview. More new posts will be added below this one. Qq音乐是腾讯公司推出的一款免费音乐服务,海量音乐在线试听、最流行音乐在线首发、歌词翻译、手机铃声下载、高品质无.Oh, and don’t mess around with JIM. The essay below is the conclusion of the ninth part in a series by Takuan Seiyo. See the list at the bottom of this post for links to the previous installments. Left: Pierre- Auguste Renoir, Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, 1. Right: George Grosz, Metropolis, 1. The Bee and the Lamb. Part 9 (continued)By Takuan Seiyo. A Whole New Road to Serfdom. That Which is Not Seen (continued)For over 6. White mea- culpists have had a firm grip in all fields of cultural mind imprinting: education high and low; paper media, then electronic, then digital media; all forms of entertainment, the plastic arts and music high and low, and religious instruction and worship too. Their main endeavor has been to enforce their compulsory (e. K- 1. 2) and discretionary (e. Slavery, Colonialism, Imperialism, Male Supremacism, Racism, Antisemitism, and so on. It’s the evils of the Iberian Inquisition — which were evil — but not the evils of the Japanese equivalent in which, in the 4. Christians were publicly crucified, burned or beheaded. Nor the evils of the worldwide Islamic Inquisition which — not in the 1. Muslim apostates to barbaric execution. It’s America’s destruction of the snail darter but not Mussulmanism’s destruction of the Bamyan Buddhas or its proposed destruction of the Sphinx and the Pyramids, let alone its obliteration of all the pre- Rome cradles of Christianity but for remaining ruins in the Middle East and dust of the desert in North Africa. It’s the evils of feudalism and industrial workers’ exploitation in Europe and America, but not the strict Confucian evils of Northeast Asia. There, a member of the ruling class in China had, essentially, a free hand with anyone of the lower classes, a Japanese samurai could test his sword by cutting down an insolent peasant, and farmers were so squeezed by their fief holders that they habitually sold their daughters to bordellos for the few coins it provided for next season’s seed. Feminism, Socialism and anti- Antisemitism should have arisen in Saudi Arabia or Yemen, Algeria or Peshawar, for good reasons. Instead, aggressive White androphobes of all genders which I can no longer count are decimating the philogynous and egalitarian West. Equality psychos are tearing down the most egalitarian society that ever existed (except for initial communist experiments, before they turned bloody). American Jews, at the apex of the greatest fortune and philosemitic tolerance their long diaspora has ever bestowed on their kind, are busy supporting all the ideologies and policies that demolish their safe harbor and build up their Muslim, Black and Third World enemies. They will come to rue their tacit assumption that better the antisemite you don’t know than the few hundred imputed and real ones catalogued at ADL. One would be hard put to find a nation not based on the invasion of another people’s territory and their mass slaughter. Yet poisoned American madmen proclaim “No Thanks for Thanksgiving” as though the Indians themselves did not fight endless genocidal wars from Peru to Canada, with torture, ritual murder or slavery for the captives and, at times, cannibalism too. Leftoid masochists and the Christian meek call for returning Hawaii to the Hawaiians and capitulating before a massive Mexican reconquista of one- third of America. The self- defined “Feminist- Tauist- Neo. Pagan- Post- Structuralist- Deconstructionist- Socialist” useful idiot Gillian Schutte begins her New Year 2. Dear White People by “wholeheartedly apologizing for what my ancestors did to the people of South Africa and inviting you to do the same.”Yet the Magyars don’t seem to feel much guilt over the Illyrians, Pannonians, Sarmatians and Celts whose land and lives they took in the 9th century, to form Hungary. The rightful Etruscan landowners are not bearing angry placards in front of the Vatican. The Japanese are not planning to relinquish Hokkaido to its original owners, the Ainu. The tall, white and fair- haired Chachapoyas of the Andean forest have, alas, no remnants left to sue the Incas for genocide in a Peruvian court of law. The Aztecs, whether in Jalisco or Los Angeles, don’t agonize over having taken what would become Mexico City from its original Culhuacan owners, with lots of grisly details. Yet for 3. 8 years Neil Young has been reminding adoring audiences about “Cortez the Killer”, discreetly omitting Tlacaelel the killer and the killer people whom Cortez killed. Hitler’s Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust (1. Daniel Goldhagen presenting the thesis that the German nation as such was composed of willing executioners of the Jews because of a unique “eliminationist antisemitism” in the German people, with long historical roots. However, even that great moral abyss of Western civilization — the Holocausts — stands out more in its industrialized and organizational features than it does either in the quality of its hatefulness or its relative or even absolute volumes. And Holocausts they were, for in addition to the nearly 6 million Jews, the Germans also murdered over 2. Slavs, and that’s counting Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, Belarus and Czechoslovakia alone. In absolute numbers, the total number of World War II non- German civilian victims of Nazi Germany is smaller than the 5. Bolsheviks in Russia, or Mao’s 7. China, or the Mughal- Muslim genocide of Hindus — the latter have their own Holocaust Day on August 1. In relative numbers, in just one year, 1. Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda, killed off a total of one million, in a population of 7 million. Tutsi population was erased. Is it more humane to go by a stroke of a blunt machete than by a whiff of Zyklon B? The Khmer Rouge murdered at least 2 million Cambodians between 1. Is it more humane to die by wallops from a Cambodian pickaxe handle than by a bullet from a German Mauser? Inscription on the back (in German): “Ukraine 1. Jewish Aktion, Ivangorod.”There is a special horror attached to the Third Reich, because those were 2. Europeans, Christians, and in many ways the smartest, most civilized people on Earth. But the Holocausts do not prove that Whites are worse than other people, just that they are no better. The history of the Third Reich also proves that with the right formula of economic blowup, misery and humiliation, sparked by charismatic evil, no people are immune to such horror, at no time. |
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